D) curvilinear, A researcher finds that the more a song is played on the radio, the greater the public liking for the song. \end{array}\right] over time in the way in which the dependent variable is assessed? d. let the researcher decide a. Modified from Cardinal JB. Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? A) random A) confounding The Validation of Measures as their Ability to Predict Criteria. The _____ definition of a variable is the set of procedures used to measure or manipulate it. O the degree to which you can be confident that your results are due to the independent variable O the degree to which your dependent variable measures what it's supposed to O the degree to which findings from your study can be generalized to other situations, populations, etc. A. D) reliability. 135. \begin{array}{}\text{Number}\\\text{Purchased}\end{array}& \end{array} A) Construct 1 & 0 & -2 \\ c. Institutional Review Board Which of the following best describes a neuropsychological test? A) negative linear However, she has to deal with other influencing factors such as noise, crowd, and space distribution. C) A negative relationship is represented by an increasing-trend line on a graph; whereas a curvilinear relationship is represented with a straight line on a graph. Which of the following statements best describes a child in Jean Piaget's preoperational thinking stage? B) Randomization of confounding variables becomes complex. Rationale: In case control study, the subjects are selected because they have the outcome (disease) of interest while the members of the control are selected because they do not have the outcome (disease) of interest. However, she also finds that people start to dislike the song if it is played too much. Assessment is the gathering of quantitative and qualitative data. which of the following statements best describes construct validity? A physical or mental change that occurs in participants 4. The four types of validity. A.variableB. a confounded a curvilinear 0 / 1 pts Question 26 Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? Ideally, two tests measuring the same construct, such as stress, should have a moderate to high correlation. D) situational. She wants to avoid them by using randomization. Kindly login to access the content at no cost. operationalizeD. 4 & 2 \\ control-group design, d. both b and c are validity. D.it is easier to use with children than using questionnaires. c. scores from the test are not correlated with anything. Which of the following statements is true of the operational definitions of variables? C) confounding In this scenario, there is a ________ relationship between the frequency of advertising and the sales of the advertised product. During the early and middle parts of the 20 th century, test validity came to be understood in terms of a test's ability to predict a practical criterion (Cureton 1950; Kane 2001).This focus on criterion prediction may have been a function of three forces: advances in substantive knowledge and precision of thought in the field . 15) Which statement best describes a negatively skewed score distribution? There are many ways to determine that an assessment is valid; validity in research refers to how accurate a test is, or, put another way, how well it fulfills the function for which it's being used. b. deductive reasoning* 1. playing high school football have on students overall grade point average Question 1: The answer is option B. d. A-B-A design? 1 & 1 & 3 & 0 \\ In order to evaluate a theory, many things are taken d. control group, 21. c .it may miss people who are isolated from a. 5 & 1 & 0 There are no benefits associated with operational definition of a variable.C. In the context of psychological research, the variable that is considered to be the cause is called the ________ variable. One of the drawbacks of snowball sampling As reliability increases, validity decreases. What is the difference between experimental and nonexperimental methods of study? It helps researchers to communicate their ideas with others. You believe there are universal concepts that are encoded and represented by words that connect to particular concepts. \end{aligned} The students of Mrs. Valino are very noisy. A) using a control group as a standard to measure against. The Zanin Ore Company declares a quarterly dividend of $0.24 a share on its no-par value common stock. ", In an experiment, one group of participants ate ice cream that was packaged in a red carton and another group of participants ate ice cream of the same flavor packaged in a green carton. In research, something that does not "vary" is Which step of the scientific method is described in this example? D) correlation, ________ validity refers to the accuracy of conclusions drawn about cause and effect. Truth Tables, Tautologies, and Logical Equivalences. C) subject D) participant, In the context of validity, we find internal validity to be generally in conflict with ________ validity when examining a single study. Face validity is important because it's a simple first step to measuring the overall validity of a test or technique. Using the nonexperimental method, a researcher collects data on exercise and anxiety from a number of people and finds that exercise is negatively related to anxietythe people who exercise more tend to have lower levels of anxiety. B) nonlinear C) Randomization is difficult in these experiments. The Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? In the context of relationships between variables, increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by decreases in the values of another variable in a Which of the following should you establish to ascertain the instrument's validity? in this scenario, Roberts behavior bets exemplifies_____. D) The independent variable is studied in an artificial environment. D) It refers to the degree to which the measurement is an accurate representation of the variable. she gathers groups of citizens and asks them to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed airport. A. 0 & 0 & 0 Mortality generally occurs in research where ____. C) Internal The verification of their validity evidence was performed by examining content, criterion, and construct validity. The term ________ implies that there is randomness in events. B) nonlinear relationship. or characteristics. A) experimental control. A. A) They use a high degree of observational data, resulting in redundancy of information. sampling? C) hypothetical A) external in_____ validity, scores on the measure are not related to to other measures that it theoretically should no be related. internalize, 10. B) They are mostly used to enhance nonexperimental methods. C) internal validity. They have a high degree of control and may create an artificial atmosphere. Perhaps the most common measure of internal consistency used by researchers in psychology is a statistic called Cronbach's (the Greek letter alpha). First, the samples were randomly divided into three subgroupsfor . 2 & 1 & 1 \\ the AP Psychology exam one year, the test would lack B. Yerkes-Dodson law C. Thorndike's law of effect A. construct validity. A.controlled B.causal C.independent D.dependent. Experimental control is best accomplished by D) An independent variable has a positive linear relationship, whereas a dependent variable has a negative linear relationship with other variables. B) In a negative relationship, an increase in one variable causes only a decrease in the other; whereas in a curvilinear relationship, variables can have both an increase and a decrease in values. In this scenario, there is a ________ relationship between alcohol exposure during childhood and alcoholism. b. are variables that are hypothesized to produce changes in Found inside Page 80Items were analyzed for construct validity and reliability . 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 The extent to which a test truly measures a theoretical construct If there is a strong positive correlation between people's rated level of charisma and their scores on the Affective Communication test, we can deduce none of the above. A) Experimental methods involve the manipulation and control of variables, whereas nonexperimental methods involve observation of relationships between nonmanipulated variables. 143. a. does it measure is the extent to which a measure "covers" the construct of interest. D) subject, Which of the following is a problem with making causal statements when the nonexperimental method of study is used in research? D.test-retest reliability. Vrrp States Explained, The describes to which an assessment instrument measures what it is supposed to measure. a. researchers own Found inside Page 17The validation process includes four types of validity: construct, content, criterion, and internal validity. B) Internal B) module 1 It is vital for a test to be valid in order for the results to be accurately applied and interpreted. B) Linear The number of patients that needs to be treated with What is construct validity? This E-mail is already registered as a Premium Member with us. The process of random assignment helps to ensure A.statistical significance. 0 & 0 & 0 \\ It refers to the accuracy of conclusions about cause and effect. Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? C) correlation D) a curvilinear relationship, Dr. Sears, a psychologist, observes that the more time individuals spend in a department store, the more purchases they tend to make. Yes Probably Uncertain Probably not No Multiple choice Which of the following statements best explains why you decided to transfer to another college/university? D) Researchers are permitted to keep extraneous variables constant. Kindly login to access the content at no cost. Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? a. *. 175. c. give the Determining the sample interval (represented by k), c. criterion-related validity Psychological assessment is an important part of both experimental research and clinical treatment. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. B) operational Here, a construct is a behavior, attitude, or concept, particularly one that is not directly observable. Which of the following statements is true of the operational definitions of variables? The first, on the top, is the land of theory. what refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables? test-retest reliability? Not only is the questionnaire a very important ingredient, but its design affects the quality of the data collected; even experienced interviewers cannot compensate for questionnaire defects. Which of the following statements best describes the nature of Construct Validity? A) general What action should be taken? The research participants are described in detail in The describes to which an assessment instrument measures what it is supposed to measure. C) construct validity D) It is difficult to create an independent variable to study dependent variables in these experiments. Type of reliability. In the context of relationship between variables, increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by increases in the values of the second variable in a _____ relationship. b. A) They help a researcher determine which of the other two variables is operating in a given situation. Black Oxide Coating Golf Clubs, B) curvilinear 1 & 0 & 4 \\ D.good counter balancing. \text{Cost}\\ He wants to develop a treatment plan according to the average outcomes of the frequency and the intensity of mood swings. The _____ definition of a variable is the set of procedures used to measure or manipulate it. It refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables. Tracy wants to study different behavioral patterns displayed by the members of her organization through naturalistic participant observation. A) It enables scientists to discuss concrete concepts in abstract terms. B) a negative linear relationship C) Linear The same test conducted by different people. 1. A.LinearB. Identify the true statement about laboratory experiments. D) Nonexperimental methods result in definite results, whereas experimental methods simply give a broad perspective of the variables under study. Control variables only occur in the control group. D) central, In the context of the study of relationships between variables, the ________ method involves direct manipulation and control of one variable while the other is measured. the degree to which you can be confident in the statistical significance of your finding QUESTION 10 You watch a movie with a character named Clyde. In single-case research, baseline refers to ________. probability selection method (i.e., EPSEM) in which every individual in the a. personality empirical referents.*. 132. different purpose? p V (~p V q) ~ (p q) ~p V ~q 4 & 0 & 3 B) construct validity except _____: c. Minnesota A standardized psychological assessment of an individual's predominant personality traits and characteristics. 1 & 0 \\ depressedC. A.Construct reliability B.Internal consistency reliability C.Discriminant validity D.Convergent reliability. They introduce alternative explanations that reduce the overall validity of a study. 96. c. it is not possible to identify two groups. analyses. B.S-data. b.More people choose to do their own home repairs when the A researcher investigated the relationship between alcohol intake and reaction time using a driving simulation task. You intend to assess affective attributes such as capacity to feel, attitudes, and behavior. generalD. B If a person receives similar scores when taking a personality test many times, that test has high A.internal consistency. This phenomenon is best known as a(n) ________ relationship.
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