Women got the right to vote and to be elected to parliament. The second memoir is Iran Awakening, written by Shirin Ebadi, a former Iranian female judge, who is currently a lawyer and a women's rights activist working within the Iranian system to change it. And so scores of Iranian women stood up to the Shah. Women Take Center Stage in Antigovernment Protests Shaking Iran Six years since the execution of Reyhaneh Jabbari, a woman who captured the worlds attention for defending her dignity while paying the price of her life, almost nothing has changed to improve the safety of women who have experienced the horror of sexual assault. An error occurred while subscribing your email address. Brothers are entitled to twice as much inheritance as sisters, male widowers twice as much as female widows. The use of torture and abuse of prisoners varied at times during the Pahlavi reign, according to one history, [6] but both of two monarchs - Reza Shah Pahlavi and his son Mohammad . When Layla Yarjani thinks of Iran, she thinks of ice-creams by the Caspian Sea and eating beef tongue sandwiches with her dad in a Tehran cafe. Then onSeptember 13, 22-year-old Kurdish-Iranian woman Mahsa Amini was arrested by the morality police in Tehran allegedly for wearing her hijab too loosely. New Report on Women's Rights in Iran Written by Mansoureh Galestan 30th July 2019 The Women's Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI) has published a new report looking in women's rights in Iran, specifically the clerical regime's violations of those rights and the brave activists fighting for those rights. "Sarina Esmailzadeh, 16, beaten to death by Iranian security forces for protesting for women's rights in Iran. But in its aftermath, the country's Islamic authoritarian wing began to dominate. In Iran, women's rights are ruthlessly restricted, to the point where women are not allowed in sports stadiums where men's sports are being played to watch. Following the announcement of such low statistics . Her father also can be seen in another video stating that his daughter suffered from mental health problems evidently, putting into question the credibility and legitimacy of her claims. Women's protests overshadow Iran's World Cup loss | AP News In September 2022, 22-year-old Mahsa Amini was arrested and killed at the hands of Iran's morality police for improperly wearing her hijab. This fact is manifest in the constitution and penal code of the Islamic Republic. This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), APTN, Reuters, AAP, CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. "A great number of women came out into the street and protested for more rights," Esfandiari says. Jason Rezaian, an Iranian-American correspondent for the Washington Post, smiles as he attends a presidential campaign of President Hassan Rouhani on April 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Why these teens are fighting for women's rights in Iran | Article Mahdavi says women were at the forefront "because [they] had the most at stake under a conservative regime". Its hard to say what tops the list of abuses, but there are severe restrictions on free speech in Iran. Dissatisfaction with the Shah's brutal regime erupted into the streets in 1978. It's being called Iran's "George . Iran holds regular elections, and its president, Hassan Rouhani, says he wants reforms, as do many Iranians. With inequity formalized in the law, the second-class treatment of women also is maintained through society. Based on this system, the life of a woman literally is regarded as half as valuable as that of a man. When we talk about human rights, what do we really mean? How else are womens rights restricted in Iran? The women's rights movement has also pushed with limited success against laws that allowed men to divorce more easily than women, granted men exclusive custody of children, lifted. Three days later, she was dead. Nika Shakarami, 16, killed after burning her headscarf in protest. Dua Lipa Shows Support for Women's Rights in Iran Following Protest This started the Pahlavi royal dynasty, whichwould last for 54 years. Without adequate laws or social change to protect women from such injustice, a female president will not increase the safety and security of Iranian girls and women. For example, following the catastrophic rape of over 40 girls and women in Zahedan, grieved and enraged survivors and family members called for a proper investigation of the crimes to deliver justice. But much of the countrys power lies with Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Irans supreme leader. All choices from clothing to employment to reproductive decisions, and even simple pleasures like riding a bicycle are restricted and regulated by a male-dominated authorities. Human Rights Watch has documented a pattern of Iranian authorities using excessive and . Other ways to share Two million women were in the work force, more than 146,000 of them in the civil service. "During the period of the Shah, the big problem for me as a student, as a young woman, was the censorship and the dictatorship," she says. It is time to stamp out gender-based discrimination and exploitation, especially when justified by religious principles. [3] With the rise of each government, a series of mandates for women's rights have affected a broad range of issues, from voting rights to dress code. Iran's 1906 constitution, written by its first parliament, promised "equal rights before the law" for all Iranians, but it said nothing specific about women. "The slogan of that revolution was 'independence, freedom, Islamic Republic,' [but] nobody had an idea what the 'Islamic Republic' meant," Esfandiari says. Copyright 2022 NCRI Women's Rights in Iran - VOA Viral Instagram About 15,000 Iran Protesters Sentenced To Death "This has been brewing for more than two decades. Get more stories that go beyond the news cycle with our weekly newsletter. But women's protest in Iran is not new. The murder in custody of the 22-year-old Kurdish Iranian woman Mahsa Zhina Amini arrested for inappropriate hijab was the powder keg moment that ignited the most recent uprising. But the situation turned violent, and, as seen in the video, she was brutally assaulted and molested by a uniformed guard who was supposedly there to end the conflict. She says young women "used [their] bodies to speak back to a regime with which they did not agree". Women tend to be at the forefront of . Iran's pro-Western secular regime was replaced with an anti-Western Islamist regimeunder the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini, the new 'Supreme Leader'. Join our movement today. UN Women stands with the women of Iran in their rightful demands to protest injustice without reprisal, and to be free to exercise their bodily autonomy, including their choice of dress and also supports them in seeking accountability, and the upholding of their basic human rights as stipulated in the Charter of the United Nations. Authorities have unleashed a brutal crackdown, including issuing the first death sentenceto an unidentified protester. "Women lost the right to divorce, as divorce became again the unilateral prerogative of the man. Iranian Parliament votes in favor of executing 15,000 women's rights Convincing Iran to allow women to watch sports would be an important initial step toward ensuring that women and others enjoy the freedom theyre entitled to. Iran's morality police have terrorized women for decades. Who are they According to Amnesty International, "credible reports emerged from eyewitnesses that the 'morality' police had subjected her to torture and other ill-treatment inside the police van, including through beatings to her head". And men needed the court's permission to take a second wife. The U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights said on Tuesday that the situation in Iran was "critical", describing a hardening of the authorities' response to protests that have resulted in more . U.S. Seeks Removal of Iran From U.N. Women's Rights Agency The Semiotics of Women's Human Rights in Iran - SSRN Moreover, married women cant even leave the country without their husbands permission. Sarina Esmailzadeh, 16, beaten to death by Iranian security forces for protesting for women's rights in Iran. 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"Canada denounces the Iranian regime's barbaric decision to impose the death penalty on nearly 15,000 protestors," the account for Canada's prime minister tweeted. How the police-custody death of Mahsa Amini became Iran's 'George Floyd Last week a disturbing video from Iran went viral. The Iranian Parliament has not officially confirmed the vote in favor of mass executions but the Iranian officials did advocate for "no leniency" for protesters days ago.. In fact, in September the captain of Irans female football (soccer) team, Niloufar Ardalan, couldnt play in an international tournament in Malaysia because her husbandforbade herfrom traveling. Women attend Friday prayers in Tehran February 4, 2011. It's also about issues around equity and issues around economics," Mahdavi says. In domestic cases, the court considers men as heads of the household with legal authority over their wives. The age of marriage was reduced for girls to nine," Esfandiari says. A conservative newspaper that has often supported the Ayatollah described the notion of"gender equality" as "unacceptable to the Islamic Republic.". Evidently, her grievance has been quashed before it could even be evaluated by the authorities. It's about human dignity. All Rights Reserved. Women in Iran are educated and open-spirited. Reza Shah promised to modernise Iran, with policies that would have major impacts on women. In 1941, during World War II, the British forced Reza Shah to abdicate in favour of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. This even applies to young schoolgirls, who are required to wear the head covering to attend elementary school. Women in Iran are not equal citizens in the streets and in the bedroom. ", "The oppression came all over from Khomeini.". Temporary marriage in Iran and women's rights Activism to End Violence against Women and Girls!, Pushing forward: Protesting womens rights abuses in Iran, Statement: Push forward act now to end violence against women and girls, Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council. Share this via Printer. In the unlikely event that a woman is elected to the top leadership of the country, Iran will transition from a proverbial turban to a headscarf. Marjan Keypour Greenblatt is the Founder and Director of the Alliance for Rights of all Minorities (ARAM), a network of activists which promotes human rights in Iran. 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If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. Women make up a significant number of university graduates in recent years, and the literacy rate women aged 15-24 is 98 percent. The Abadan Girl reportedly had planned to reconcile with the family of her harasser to put an end to the problem. Optimists are celebrating this development. [5] The unrest was spurred by the Sept. 16 death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in the custody of the country . In regime ruling Iran, the constitution institutionalizes misogyny in the laws of the Mullahs', dedicated to humiliating and terrorizing women in the country. Anyone who openly criticizes the government risks being thrown in jail. Iran protests: How Americans can support women's fight for freedom Opinion | 'It's Like a War Out There.' Iran's Women Haven't Been This Women in Iran suffer under a system of discrimination and inequality. She was brutally beaten and died in a Tehran hospital three days later . Share this via Twitter Iran's women are undeterred and fearless. In showing solidarity, the Athletic stadiums were closed off to women until the self-immolation of a female fan in 2019 sparked global outrage, leading to the token gesture of separate and unequal access to some sporting events. "People have been living under the pain of [international] sanctions. Child custody is immediately granted to the man. This means that Iran has agreed to limit its nuclear program in exchange for other countries lifting sanctions, which limit Irans trade and hurt its economy. Young women played a prominent role. UN Women statement on women's rights in Iran They believe that this move could reinvigorate weak voter turnout and lead to much-needed reforms in the country. This Shah ruled for almost 40 years, supported by the US and other Western allies. For a listing of MEI donors, please click here. The following generation, which Mahdavi calls the "children of the revolution" began to challenge the regime on a larger scale. On Sept. 13, 2022, 22-year-old Mahsa Amini was arrested by the Iranian morality police for exposing her hair. It temporarily curbed the power of the long-established monarchy and brought about a parliament and a new constitution. The government also discriminates against ethnic communities like the Kurds and Balochs, as well as people belonging to the Bahai faith. Haleh Esfandiari, a director emerita and distinguished fellow of the Middle East Program at the Wilson Centre in Washington DC, says the women's movement was at the forefront of this revolution. Human Rights Watch has found that workplace discrimination is rampant at all levels. According to several reporters and activists who spoke to the woman in the video, the victim allegedly had been enduring emotionally distressing and non-consensual relations with a superior at her workplace. Designating Iranian Officials Connected to Serious Human Rights Abuses Iran's supporters shout during the FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship first round match between Iran and Italy in Milan September 27, 2010. Please try again. Shahin Nawai says women's rights in the new Islamic Republic of Iran were soon curtailed. The secret police, called the SAVAK, crushed any dissident movements. As of November 22, human rights groups are investigating the deaths of 434 people including 60 children. Iran sits on the UN women's rights committee." Her post has been removed. Some of the worst laws are below: Unemployment has risen to astronomical levels Traffic is only getting worse. Women's rights in Iran - Wikipedia While some might choose to wear a hijab as a religious practice, this symbolic piece of cloth is a reminder to all women that they are deprived of the authority and self-determination to make the most basic lifedecisions for themselves. They have undeniably staked their claim to equal rights, inspiring many others to rise despite years of crushing repression and oppression. The legal age of marriage was also raised to 18. One can be certain that a female candidate who doesn't believe in wearing the hijab will never be allowed to appear on the ballot, nor will she be able to freely advocate for a hijab-free society as part of her political platform. In 2019, parliament passed a law allowing women married to foreign men to request Iranian citizenship for children under age 18. From 1905-1911, the country was rocked by the Persian Constitutional Revolution, a period of unprecedented debate, which paved the way for the country's modern era. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Although the prospect of a female president in Iran might sound exciting, the recent announcement is little more than an empty gesture rather than a sign of real change. ". US to seek Iran's ouster from UN's top women's rights body Basically, they didn't get any rights. Women's rights movement in Iran - Wikipedia These protests have become one of the greatest challenges to Iran's political establishment since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. We reiterate our expression of condolences to the family of Mahsa Amini. Women's Rights and Feminist Movements in Iran - Conectas Ali Ansari, a professor of Iranian History at the University of St Andrews, points out that"one of the first protests [of the new republic] was actually women protesting about the mandatory imposition of the hijab". Part 3: Iranian Laws on Women | The Iran Primer Shewas a student in Iran at the time of the last Shah, and she has a very different view of his time in power. Women in Iran are forced to wear the hijab, the headscarf worn by some Muslim women, in public. Because the government wants Irans population to grow, its even moving to ban voluntary medical procedures women can undergo to avoid becoming pregnant. All forms of discrimination against women will be abolished so they are able to enjoy the right to freely choose in Iran. Managers can specify the gender preference for candidates in job announcements for technical and management positions. From the late 1990s, there has been an ever increasing number of protests across Iran. "But when the constitution was drafted, women didn't get the right to vote or to be elected to parliament. But none of these women are allowed to do something as simple as watch men play volleyball, even if their brothers, sons, or husbands are playing. "There's actually been a very long history of women advocating for the role of women in Iran, and for having freedom," Pardis Mahdavi, a provost and executive vice president of the University of Montana, tells ABC RN's Rear Vision. Once again, women were on the frontline of these protests. That ban includes Irans national obsession volleyball. We align with the remarks by theHigh Commissioner for Human Rightson the need to ensure the rights to due process and release for all womenwho have been arbitrarily detained and with theSpecial Procedures of the Human Rights Council, in the call for the Iranian authorities to hold an independent, impartial, and prompt investigation into Ms Aminis death, to make the findings of the investigation public and to hold all perpetrators accountable. And the veil once again became a key political point. Nazanin Boniadi Calls on Hollywood to Do More for Iran Women's Rights Khameneis office oversees Irans military, judicial courts, and the media. National Council of Resistance of Iran AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), abc.net.au/news/why-are-iranian-women-protesting-history/101623592, Your information is being handled in accordance with the, Get breaking news alerts directly to your phone with our app, Help keep family & friends informed by sharing this article, Government blames typo for incorrectly costing multi-employer bargaining, BOM summer outlook warns the wet is likely to continue in the east, More than $3m in cash and 300kg of drugs seized as six Sydney men charged over multinational crime ring, Children, villagers killed during junta raid on Myanmar school, new investigation says, Five-year-old boy pulled from the rubble of Indonesia's devastating earthquake, Uli's 'life stopped' when the state seized control of his finances. "One of the things that also inspires me is the fact that we see schoolgirls protesting," she says. Nika Shakarami, 16, killed after burning her headscarf in protest. Iran is competing in the World Cup amid a violent crackdown on a major women's protest movement that has resulted in the deaths of at least 419 people, according Human Rights Activists in Iran, a group that has been monitoring the protests. Share this via LinkedIn You see this played out across womens lives. Earlier this year, 14-year-old Romina Ashrafi was beheaded by her father because he believed that she had a boyfriend. Earlier this month, a woman named Mahsa Amini died in police custody after being arrested.. Oman Library at the Middle East Institute, COP 27: Ask the Experts with Mohammed Mahmoud, Russias War on Ukraine: Irans Growing Role and the Nuclear Threat, Art Talk | Conversation with Palestinian Photographer Rula Halawani, Tehran lashes out at Israelis support for Iranian protest movement, The SCO Summit in Samarkand: Reviving Iran and Uzbekistan relations on an oil and transit axis, Albania finds itself caught in the middle as Iran and the West square off, Women in Iran: Political representation without rights. So the political sphere was open to them," Esfandiari says. Restrictions on free speech in Iran with legal authority over their wives LinkedIn you see this played across. Was also raised to 18 soon curtailed open to them, '' says! In 1985 the Islamic Republic stories that go beyond the news cycle with our weekly newsletter SAVAK, any! 'S protest in Iran Shah to abdicate in favour of his son, reza. 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