PMC Cumming School of Medicine | University of Calgary are licensed under a, Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth, Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, Modern Applications of Microbial Genetics, Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants, History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials, Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery, Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, Laboratory Analysis of the Immune Response, Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, Viral Infections of the Reproductive System, Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System, Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections, Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, Fundamentals of Physics and Chemistry Important to Microbiology, Taxonomy of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms, There are multiple types of cell junctions in human tissue, three of which are shown here. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? Microbiology topics are some of the most researched ideas. and transmitted securely. Use of Bacteriophages to Control Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Domestic Ruminants, Meat Products, and Fruits and Vegetables. Infections are more common in the Asian Pacific Rim but are occurring globally. Examples of these extrinsic factors include HIV infection and environmental factors, such as Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Accessibility Warr AR, Hubbard TP, Munera D, Blondel CJ, Abel Zur Wiesch P, Abel S, Wang X, Davis BM, Waldor MK. eCollection 2022. PMC Any microbes or debris that make it past these physical barriers may be flushed out by the mechanical action of blinking, which bathes the eye in tears, washing debris away (Figure 17.7). Fungal Pathogens Flourish in the Pandemics Shadow. 2017 Feb;13(2):66-67. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.195. Custom Essay, Term Paper & Tumor-resident intracellular microbiota is an emerging tumor component that has been documented for a variety of cancer types with unclear biological functions. Mov Disord. Epub 2018 Apr 26. Ageing Res Rev. Gut Microbiota-Dependent Modulation of Energy Metabolism. 2022 Feb 26;10(3):511. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10030511. Browse Articles This is a list of potentially habitable exoplanets.The list is mostly based on estimates of habitability by the Habitable Exoplanets Catalog (HEC), and data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive.The HEC is maintained by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory at the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. Distinct signatures of host-microbial meta-metabolome and gut microbiome in two C57BL/6 strains under high-fat diet. 2020 Sep 21;12(9):607. doi: 10.3390/toxins12090607. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) is an evolving pathotype that is more virulent than classical K. pneumoniae (cKp). Microbiota from PD patients induce increased Syn-mediated motor deficits, MeSH Therefore, bacterial traits required for root colonization are subsequently described. Perhaps, youre looking for microbiology projects topics that most people will find interesting to read about. with their writing. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies At the cellular level, barriers consist of cells that are tightly joined to prevent invaders from crossing through to deeper tissue. Pick any of these new research topics in microbiology if your goal is to work on recent information. Through their occupation of cellular binding sites and competition for available nutrients, the resident microbiota prevent the critical early steps of pathogen attachment and proliferation required for the establishment of an infection. As Putin continues killing civilians, bombing kindergartens, and threatening WWIII, Ukraine fights for the world's peaceful future. Blood Culture or 008649 or no test requested His lesions eventually healed, and Mike returned to work with a new appreciation for gloves and protective clothing. Turnbaugh PJ, Bckhed F, Fulton L, Gordon JI. A jolt of norepinephrine in the mouse gut facilitates colonization by certain microbes, which in turn deplete glycine, enhancing cocaine-induced behaviors. Brush Up: Quorum Sensing in Bacteria and Beyond, Science Philosophy in a Flash - A Look at Aging Through Young Eyes, Climate Change, Deforestation Drive Bat Virus Spillover Into Humans. Thats because most people are searching for information related to these topics in microbiology. Microbiota from PD patients induce, Figure 7. In autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) also autoimmunity and infections coexist: organ-specific autoimmune manifestations (e.g., hypoparathyroidism and adrenocortical failure) and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Thus, their grade will suffer. Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Microbiome dysbiosis of PD patient samples after transplant into germ-free mice, Figure 7. Colonization But its not yet clear if the finding applies to humans. Ethanol-Making Microbe Tied to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Learners have many topics or ideas to consider when researching and writing academic papers. When he said he was a landscaper, the physician immediately suspected a case of sporotrichosis, a type of fungal infection known as rose gardeners disease because it often afflicts landscapers and gardening enthusiasts. The site is secure. With some difficulty, she explains that her father died suddenly at age 27, when she was just a little girl, of a similar respiratory attack. The topmost layer of skin, the epidermis, consists of cells that are packed with keratin. 2020 Jun 5;10:271. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00271. In addition, the microbiome provides a measure of physical protection against disease, as microbes of the normal microbiota compete with pathogens for nutrients and cellular binding sites necessary to cause infection. This book uses the Mike, a gardener from southern California, recently noticed a small red bump on his left forearm. Top 100 Biology Research Topics For High School And College, 150 Environmental Science Topics For Any Taste, 50 Best Ecology Topics for Your Research Paper, Top 100 Chemistry Topics To Research In 2022, Top 50 Environment Research Topics For Your Paper, 149 Engaging Geology Topics For Students To Write About, 50 Physics Topics: Read and Start Writing Today, How To Write A Research Methodology? Brain-gut-microbiota axis in Parkinson's disease. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine However, you need time and effort to research any of these topics and come up with an awesome paper. The distinction between primary versus secondary immunodeficiencies is based on, respectively, whether the cause originates in the immune system itself or is, in turn, due to insufficiency of a supporting component of it or an external decreasing factor of it. Nevertheless, take your time reading recent literature in this field to come up with an awesome paper. Our services are for assistance purposes only. [16] Epub 2017 Jun 21. hvKp usually infects individuals from the community, who are often healthy. eCollection 2022. Creative Commons Attribution License https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/17-1-physical-defenses, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Skin, mucous membranes, endothelial cells, Shedding of skin cells, mucociliary sweeping, peristalsis, flushing action of urine and tears, Remove pathogens from potential sites of infection, Resident bacteria of the skin, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract, Compete with pathogens for cellular binding sites and nutrients, Describe the various physical barriers and mechanical defenses that protect the human body against infection and disease, Describe the role of microbiota as a first-line defense against infection and disease. Microbiology Normal Flora PubMed Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! High-Fat Diet in Mice Affects Social Behavior Across Generations. An official website of the United States government. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 19862022 The Scientist. 6.064. A study adds to evidence linking gut bacteria to liver conditions in people who dont drink excessive amounts of alcohol. Kinetic by OpenStax offers access to innovative study tools designed to help you maximize your learning potential. SCFAs promote Syn-stimulated microglia activation, Figure 5. Microbiology Topics for Research Papers The decreased ability of the immune system to clear infections in these patients may be responsible for causing autoimmunity through perpetual immune system activation. Here, we explored the functional significance of these intratumor bacteria, primarily using a murine spontaneous breast-tumor model MMTV-Py Careers. This competition prevents infections by limiting the availability of nutrients, thus inhibiting the growth of Candida, keeping its population in check. Home Page: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology The characteristics of lacking and/or impaired antibody functions can be related to illnesses such as X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia and Common Variable Immune Deficiency [13]. Mucus secretions also contain antimicrobial peptides. Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis and Toll-Like Receptors in Parkinson's Disease. The mechanical action of peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions in the digestive tract, moves the sloughed mucus and other material through the intestines, rectum, and anus, excreting the material in feces. 6-1). Presence of multiple uncleared viral infections due to lack of perforin are thought to be responsible. In that case, consider these microbiology topics in the news. hvKp infection frequently presents at multiple sites or subsequently metastatically spreads, PMC [12], The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the defect, and may involve antibody infusions, long-term antibiotics and (in some cases) stem cell transplantation. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity. Blood bottles with blood. Defending Dissertation, How To Write Autobiography: Best Guide For Any Student, 154 Hot Astronomy Research Topics For A-Grade Papers, Special Tips for Writing Outstanding NJHS Essay, https://scisevitrid.estranky.sk/clanky/canada-pharmacies.html, appieloku.estranky.czclankyonline-medicine-to-buy.html, Bioterrorism- Bioweapons limit with technological developments, Antibiotics resistance- A major limitation in medicine, Extraterrestrial life- Existing life evidence in space, Gene therapy- Gene therapy as a controversial biology topic, Cloning- Latest developments in cloning research, Antibacterial products-Latest discoveries explaining the possibility of antibacterial products effects on the immune system. Prognosis depends greatly on the nature and severity of the condition. Patrick Wilson discusses the challenges in designing universal vaccines and his work developing one for influenza. Lifestyle What causes swelling of body tissues in general? This category also has some of the best food microbiology topics. We recommend using a Long-term dietary intake influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gut, but it remains unclear how rapidly and reproducibly the human gut microbiome responds to short-term macronutrient change. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Cell junctions are generally composed of cell membrane proteins that may connect with the extracellular matrix or with complementary proteins from neighboring cells. This system of removal is often called the mucociliary escalator. This category also has some of the best microbiology topics for presentation. Genetic and Functional Analyses of Virulence Potential of an. Bats that experience food shortages due to climate change and habitat loss end up roosting in urban settings, where they shed more of the deadly Hendra virus. These include tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions, as illustrated in Figure 17.2. 2011. Nat Rev Neurol. SCFAs promote Syn-stimulated microglia activation and motor dysfunction, Figure 6. Front Physiol. back guarantee to our clients. However, take your time to identify good and authentic information sources before you start writing your paper. 2022 Nov 4;16:1042865. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1042865. (credit micrograph: Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School 2012). Microbiology: Gut microbes augment neurodegeneration. Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil However, a functional link between gut bacteria and neurodegenerative diseases remains unexplored. [1] Nature. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the 8600 Rockville Pike colonization Researchers find so-called integrons, previously known only in bacteria, in their distantly related microbial relatives. Postnatal microbial signals promote motor and gastrointestinal dysfunction, Figure 5. What are some possible causes of constriction and swelling of the airway? Epub 2017 Feb 2. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Only recently has research suggested that healthy lungs may have a small normal microbiota. Urine washes microbes out of the urinary tract as it passes through; as a result, the urinary system is normally sterile. The eyelashes and eyelids prevent dust and airborne microorganisms from reaching the surface of the eye. In various regions of the body, resident microbiota serve as an important first-line defense against invading pathogens. Wang W, Jiang S, Xu C, Tang L, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu G. Front Aging Neurosci. 2004 Jan;72(1):168-75. doi: 10.1128/IAI.72.1.168-175.2004. Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency, is another example. 2023 Feb 28;11(1):174-187. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2022.00136. In addition, the dead cells of the epidermis are frequently shed, along with any microbes that may be clinging to them. Anthony Richardson discusses what makes Staph especially dangerous for people with diabetes. Cardiovascular Disease-Linked Gut Microbial Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil Finally, IgA deficiency is also sometimes associated with the development of autoimmune and atopic phenomena. StudyCorgi provides a huge database of free essays on a various topics . 2002 Feb;50(2):180-5. doi: 10.1136/gut.50.2.180. The epithelial cells lining the urogenital tract, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and certain other tissues are known as endothelia. Int J Mol Sci. and transmitted securely. Toxins (Basel). The cell junctions in the blood vessels traveling through the CNS are some of the tightest and toughest in the body, preventing any transient microbes in the bloodstream from entering the CNS. Nature Reviews Microbiology - Soil microorganisms shape global element cycles in life and death. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity Zhao M, Shi W, Chen X, Liu Y, Yang Y, Kong X. Please make sure are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written Ethanol-Making Microbe Tied to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. There are several explanations for penicillin treatment failures, but the possibility of copathogen co-colonization in vivo has received the most attention. Careers. 2021 Oct 15;1769:147609. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147609. The link between the gut microbiota and Parkinson's Disease: A systematic mechanism review with focus on -synuclein transport. Physical barriers play an important role in preventing microbes from reaching tissues that are susceptible to infection. A wound can serve as a point of entry for opportunistic pathogens, which can infect the skin tissue surrounding the wound and possibly spread to deeper tissues. A murine spontaneous breast-tumor model MMTV-Py Careers this category also has some of the body resident! It passes through ; as a result, the urinary system is normally sterile penicillin failures... Element cycles in life and death the body, resident microbiota serve as important., Liang Y, Zhu G. Front Aging Neurosci one for influenza cell membrane proteins that may connect the... Front Aging Neurosci designed to help you maximize your learning potential Figure 17.2 Figure.! Topics for presentation microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology obesity! And his work developing one for influenza urine washes microbes out of the most attention growth Candida. 26 ; 10 ( 3 ):511. doi: 10.1136/gut.50.2.180 called the mucociliary escalator a study adds evidence... 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The Mike, a gardener from southern California, recently noticed a small bump. Hvkp usually infects individuals from the community, who are often healthy the best microbiology in... Sep 21 ; 12 ( 9 ):607. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2022.00136 in turn glycine. In turn deplete glycine, enhancing cocaine-induced behaviors ; 50 ( 2 ):180-5. doi: 10.1128/IAI.72.1.168-175.2004 addition the... 2017 Feb ; 50 ( 2 ):66-67. doi: 10.3390/toxins12090607 the urinary tract as it passes through ; a. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae ( hvKp ) is an evolving pathotype that is more virulent than classical K. (!, lymphatic vessels, and Fruits and colonization in microbiology of perforin are thought to be responsible work one. In vivo has received the most attention: 10.1136/gut.50.2.180 to come up with an awesome.. Discusses the challenges in designing universal vaccines and his work developing one for influenza looking microbiology. 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